带磷化膜层Q235钢电阻点焊与激光螺旋点焊工艺研究

许萍; 陈明; 王崇蕊; 周奥博; 郭涛; 谢殿宝; 范东辉

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.011

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精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (7) : 96-101. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.011

钢铁成形

带磷化膜层Q235钢电阻点焊与激光螺旋点焊工艺研究

许萍^1,2, 陈明¹, 王崇蕊¹, 周奥博^1,2, 郭涛^1,2, 谢殿宝¹, 范东辉^1,2,*

作者信息 +

Resistance Spot Welding and Laser Spiral Spot Welding Processes for Q235 Steel with Phosphide Coating

XU Ping^1,2, CHEN Ming¹, WANG Chongrui¹, ZHOU Aobo^1,2, GUO Tao^1,2, XIE Dianbao¹, FAN Donghui^1,2,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的探究电阻点焊及激光螺旋点焊在带有磷化膜的Q235钢上的组织及力学性能变化。方法分别采用了2种不同的焊接技术：电阻点焊和激光螺旋点焊,对表面覆盖有磷化膜的Q235钢材试样进行了点焊试验,研究对比了2种点焊接头的外观成形、金相组织、显微硬度和剪切强度等力学性能,在此基础上,对不同试片间距下的激光螺旋点焊接头进行了工艺和力学性能研究。结果激光螺旋点焊工艺具有更好的工况适应性,激光螺旋点焊接头试片熔合情况优于电阻点焊的,且具有更高的剪切强度,但电阻点焊具有更高的显微硬度,最高可达350HV左右。激光螺旋点焊间距对焊接接头的力学性能有明显影响,随着间距的增加,显微硬度提高,最高可达240HV左右;适当增加间距也有利于提高最大拉断力,最高可达15.27 kN。激光螺旋点焊接头断裂形式为撕出型,电阻点焊接头断裂形式为拔出型,激光螺旋点焊的最大拉断力大于电阻点焊的。结论通过对比2种焊接工艺可知,激光螺旋点焊的拉剪性能优于电阻点焊的,工艺适应性更好,但电阻点焊接头具有更高的显微硬度。

Abstract

The work aims to investigate the effects of resistance spot welding and laser spiral spot welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Q235 steel with phosphide coatings. Two different welding technologies of resistance spot welding and laser spiral spot welding were used to conduct spot welding tests on Q235 steel specimens with phosphide coatings. Then, the appearance, microstructure, microhardness, and shear strength of the two types of spot welding joints were compared. Based on this, the process and mechanical properties of laser spiral spot welding joints under different test piece spacing were studied. The laser spiral spot welding process had better adaptability to working conditions. The melting situation of the laser spiral spot welding joint test piece was better than that of the resistance spot welding, and it had a higher shear strength. However, resistance spot welding joints had higher microhardness, which could reach up to about 350HV. The spacing of laser spiral spot welding had a significant impact on the mechanical properties of the welding joint. As the spacing increased, the microhardness improved which could reach up to 240HV. Appropriately increasing the spacing was also beneficial to improving the maximum tensile force, which could reach 15.27 kN. The fracture mode of the laser spiral spot welding joint was tear-out, while that of the resistance spot welding joint was pull-out. The maximum tensile strength of the laser spiral spot welding was greater than that of the resistance spot welding. By comparing the two welding processes, it is known that the tensile and shear performance of laser spiral spot welding is better than that of resistance spot welding, and the process adaptability is better, but the resistance spot welding joint has higher microhardness.

导出引用

许萍, 陈明, 王崇蕊, 周奥博, 郭涛, 谢殿宝, 范东辉. 带磷化膜层Q235钢电阻点焊与激光螺旋点焊工艺研究[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(7): 96-101 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.011

XU Ping, CHEN Ming, WANG Chongrui, ZHOU Aobo, GUO Tao, XIE Dianbao, FAN Donghui. Resistance Spot Welding and Laser Spiral Spot Welding Processes for Q235 Steel with Phosphide Coating[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(7): 96-101 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.07.011

中图分类号： TG456.7

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