目的 利用双光斑激光焊接工艺减少焊接缺陷,并研究不同焊接参数对不等厚异质双相钢DP780/DP590焊接接头宏观形貌的影响。方法 使用德国通快公司的TruDisk5000双光斑激光器对DP780和DP590 2种双相钢进行激光焊接。采用金相显微镜对不同参数下焊接接头正面和背面的宏观形貌以及焊缝横截面的熔深和熔宽进行研究。结果 随着激光功率从3 000 W增加到5 000 W,焊接热输入逐渐增大,焊缝熔宽增大,当激光功率为5 000 W时,焊缝正、背面熔宽最大,焊缝成形良好;随着焊接速度从100 mm/min增加到300 mm/min,焊接热输入随温度的升高而减小,熔宽总体呈减小趋势,熔深先增大后减小;随着芯环比从55%增加到75%,熔深、熔宽先增大后减小;随着离焦量从-2 mm增大到2 mm,光斑聚焦平面从工件内部逐渐上升,焊缝熔宽先减小后增大,当离焦量为2 mm时,焊缝宽度最大,成形最优。结论 激光速度和芯环比对焊接接头成形的影响较为显著,在激光功率为5 000 W、焊接速度为200 mm/min、芯环比为65%、离焦量为2 mm的焊接参数下,1.2 mm厚DP780与1.4 mm厚DP590 2种双相钢双光斑激光焊接接头的成形效果最佳。
Abstract
The work aims to reduce the welding defects by double spot laser welding process and investigate the effects of different process parameters on the macroscopic morphology of welded joints of unequal-thickness heterogeneous dual phase steels DP780 and DP590. Two kinds of dual phase steels, DP780 and DP590, were laser welded with Trudisk 5000 dual spot laser from TRUMPF. The macroscopic morphology of the front and back faces of welded joints and the depth and width of melt in the weld cross-section under different parameters were investigated by metallographic microscope. With the increase of laser power from 3 000 W to 5 000 W, the welding heat input gradually increased, the melt width of the weld increased, and when the laser power was 5 000 W, the melt width of the weld at front and back was the largest, and the welded joints were well formed. With the increase of the welding speed from 100 mm/min to 300 mm/min, the welding heat input decreased with the increasing temperature, the melt width of the weld showed an overall trend of decrease, and the depth of fusion firstly increased and then decreased. As the core-ring ratio increased from 55% to 75%, the melt depth and melt width firstly increased and then decreased. As the defocusing amount increased from -2 mm to 2 mm, the spot focusing plane rose gradually from the inside of the workpiece, the melt width of the weld firstly decreased and then increased, and when the defocusing amount was 2 mm, the weld width was the largest, with the optimal forming. In summary, the effects of laser speed and the core-ring ratio on the formation of welded joints are more significant. Under the welding parameters of laser power of 5 000 W, welding speed of 200 mm/min, core-ring ratio of 65%, and defocusing amount of 2 mm, the best forming results are obtained for the double spot laser welded joints of DP780 dual phase steel sheet with a thickness of 1.2 mm and DP590 dual phase steel sheet with a thickness of 1.4 mm.
关键词
异质双相钢 /
激光焊接 /
双光斑激光器 /
成形效果 /
宏观形貌
Key words
heterogeneous dual phase steel /
laser welding /
double spot laser /
forming effect /
macroscopic morphology
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基金
辽宁省自然科学基金（2023-MS-320）
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