目的 明确常用的2种表面处理方式——砂纸打磨和钢丝刷打磨对热轧复合钢/铝复合板轧后和热处理后结合性能的影响,以及经不同打磨方式制备的复合板在退火后的断裂机理。方法 采用3000#、180#砂纸打磨和钢丝刷打磨的表面处理方式制备钢/铝复合板,对获得的3种复合板进行结合性能测试和微观结构观察,表征复合板退火前后的断口形貌和断裂机理。结果 砂纸打磨制备的粗糙表面可以提高复合板的轧后结合强度,相比之下,砂纸打磨的光滑表面表现出较低的轧后结合强度。但是,砂纸打磨光滑表面的钢/铝复合板在退火后的结合强度迅速提高,退火120 min后,界面形成颗粒状间隔分布的金属间化合物,此时复合板具有最高的结合强度,通过原位拉剪实验观察到颗粒状的金属间化合物可以起到阻碍裂纹扩展和迫使裂纹转向的作用。钢丝刷打磨制备的钢/铝复合板在轧后发生表面加工硬化层脱落的现象,但是在退火后,表面加工硬化层和钢基体重新愈合,复合板呈现较高的结合强度。结论 180#砂纸打磨制备的钢/铝复合板具有较高的轧后结合强度;3000#砂纸打磨制备的钢/铝复合板在热处理后具有优异的结合性能;钢丝刷打磨制备的钢/铝复合板在轧后和热处理后均呈现较高的结合强度。
Abstract
The work aims to clarify the effects of two commonly used surface treatment methods, namely sandpaper grinding and steel wire brush grinding, on the bonding properties of hot-rolled steel-aluminum composite plates after rolling and heat treatment, as well as the fracture mechanism of the composite plates prepared by different grinding methods after annealing. Steel-aluminum composite plates were prepared through surface treatment methods of 3000#, 180# sandpaper grinding and steel wire brush grinding. Bonding property tests and microstructure observations were carried out on the obtained three types of composite plates. The fracture morphologies and fracture mechanisms of the composite plates before and after annealing were characterized. The rough surface prepared by sandpaper grinding could improve the bonding strength of the composite plates after rolling. In contrast, the smooth surface ground by sandpaper showed a lower bonding strength after rolling. However, the bonding strength of the steel-aluminum composite plates with a smooth surface ground by sandpaper increased rapidly after annealing. After annealing for 120 min, intermetallic compounds with a granular and spaced distribution were formed at the interface, and at this time, the composite plates had the highest bonding strength. Through in-situ tensile-shear experiments, it was observed that the granular intermetallic compounds could hinder the crack propagation and force the crack to turn. For the steel-aluminum composite plates prepared by steel wire brush grinding, the surface work-hardened layer peeled off after rolling. However, after annealing, the surface work-hardened layer and the steel matrix were re-healed, and the composite plates exhibited a high bonding strength. In conclusion, the steel-aluminum composite plates prepared by 180# sandpaper grinding have a high bonding strength after rolling; the steel-aluminum composite plates prepared by 3000# sandpaper grinding show excellent bonding properties after heat treatment; and the steel-aluminum composite plates prepared by steel wire brush grinding exhibit high bonding strength both after rolling and heat treatment.
关键词
热轧复合 /
退火工艺 /
断口形貌 /
元素扩散 /
金属间化合物
Key words
hot-rolled composite /
annealing process /
fracture morphology /
element diffusion /
intermetallic compound
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基金
河北省自然科学基金（E2023203129）; 浙江省自然科学基金探索项目（LQ23E050014）; 金属成形技术与重型装备全国重点实验室开放课题（S2308100.W05）
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