目的 探明短时热载荷处理对厚规格钢/铝/铝合金复合板界面Fe、Al元素分布和微观组织的影响,从而揭示热载荷对复合板界面结合性能的影响。方法 首先以两道次异温轧制复合法制备出厚度15.32 mm的钢/铝/铝合金复合板,其次采用箱式电阻炉对复合板进行不同温度的短时热载荷处理,最后通过分析复合板界面元素扩散情况、结合性能以及基体组织性能,研究短时热载荷温度参数对厚规格钢/铝/铝合金复合板力学性能和微观组织的影响规律。结果 复合板经不同温度热载荷作用后,Fe、Al元素扩散层厚度未出现明显的差异,均为1.5~1.6 µm,也未生成连续的中间化合物层;随着热载荷温度的升高,复合板的界面剪切和拉脱强度由77 MPa和153 MPa逐渐降低至61 MPa和95 MPa,断裂位置位于中间铝层,均为韧性断裂,而侧弯性能均表现良好,未出现明显缺陷。同时,复合板界面钢侧和铝侧晶粒尺寸也由9.56 µm和4.89 µm逐渐增大至12.54 µm和10.39 µm,复合板铝侧位错密度也随之降低。结论 厚规格钢/铝/铝合金复合板在承受短时热载荷时,结合界面的晶粒尺寸会随着温度的升高而增大,位错密度则是明显降低,这导致复合板的界面剪切和拉脱强度降低。
Abstract
The work aims to investigate the effects of short-term thermal load treatment on the distribution of Fe and Al elements and microstructure at the interface of thick steel/aluminum/aluminum alloy clad plates, and reveal the effect of thermal load on the interfacial bonding properties of the clad plates. Firstly, the steel/aluminum/aluminum alloy composite plate with a thickness of 15.32 mm was prepared by the two-pass different temperature rolling composite method. Secondly, the composite plate was subject to short-term thermal load treatment at different temperature by box resistance furnace. Finally, by analyzing the element diffusion, bonding properties and matrix microstructure properties of the composite plate interface, the effect of short-term thermal load temperature parameters on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the thick steel/aluminum/ aluminum alloy composite plate was studied. After the composite plate was subject to thermal loads at different temperature, there was no significant difference in the thickness of the Fe and Al element diffusion layer, which was between 1.5 μm and 1.6 μm, and no continuous intermediate compound layer was formed. With the increase of thermal load temperature, the interfacial shear and pull-out strength of the composite plate gradually decreased from 77 MPa and 153 MPa to 61 MPa and 95 MPa. The fracture position was located in the middle aluminum layer, which was ductile fracture, while the side bending performance was good and no obvious defects appeared. At the same time, the grain size of the steel side and the aluminum side at the interface of the composite plate also gradually increased from 9.56 μm and 4.89 μm to 12.54 μm and 10.39 μm, and the dislocation density at the aluminum side of the composite plate also decreased. In conclusion, when the thick steel/aluminum/aluminum alloy composite plate is subject to short-term thermal load, the grain size of the bonding interface increases with the increase of temperature, and the dislocation density decreases obviously, which leads to the decrease of the interfacial shear and pull-off strength of the composite plate.
关键词
钢/铝/铝合金复合板 /
短时高温 /
结合性能 /
侧弯性能
Key words
steel/aluminum/aluminum composite plate /
short-time high temperature /
binding performance /
side bending property
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基金
国家自然科学基金（52005361）; 中国博士后科学基金特别资助项目（2023T160474）; 中央引导地方科技发展资金项目（YDZJSX2022A022,YDZJSX2022A023)
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