PHS1800热成形钢电阻点焊接头的力学性能及断裂机制分析

陈嘉隆; 刘岩; 李博; 叶海青

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.06.021

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精密成形工程 ›› 2025, Vol. 17 ›› Issue (6) : 197-205. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.06.021

钢铁成形

PHS1800热成形钢电阻点焊接头的力学性能及断裂机制分析

陈嘉隆^a, 刘岩^b*, 李博^a, 叶海青^a

作者信息 +

Mechanical Properties and Fracture Mechanism of PHS1800 Hot Formed Steel Resistance Spot Welding Joint

CHEN Jialong^a, LIU Yan^b*, LI Bo^a, YE Haiqing^a

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的研究电阻点焊工艺参数对PHS1800热成形钢焊接接头力学性能的影响规律,并分析其断裂机制。方法采用扫描电镜、拉伸试验机和显微硬度计等手段,对PHS1800热成形钢电阻点焊接头的力学性能进行测试。通过观察接头显微组织、测量拉伸强度及显微硬度分布,系统分析了接头的断裂机制。明确了焊接工艺参数对焊接接头拉伸性能的影响规律。结果在焊接电流为11.5 kA、焊接时间为0.6 s、电极压力为2.0 kN的条件下,焊接接头的拉伸性能最优。结论焊接时间和焊接电流对焊接接头拉伸性能的影响较大,电极压力的影响较小。焊接接头的断裂机制分为拔出断裂和界面断裂,2种断裂机制均为脆性断裂,这主要是因为母材与焊接接头部分均有马氏体存在,在拉伸性能上,拔出断裂时接头的抗拉剪能力更好;焊接接头各区域按平均硬度值由大到小的顺序依次为母材区（727.47HV0.2）、熔核区（687.69HV0.2）、热影响区（632.23HV0.2）,这是由于焊接后各个区域的马氏体组织含量不同,以及焊接完成后形成了回火马氏体和铁素体等组织,导致热影响区与熔核区的显微硬度均低于母材区硬度。

Abstract

The work aims to study the influence of resistance spot welding process parameters on the mechanical properties of welded joints of PHS1800 hot stamping steel and analyze its fracture mechanism. The mechanical properties of resistance spot welded joints of PHS1800 hot forming steel were tested by means of scanning electron microscopy, tensile testing machine and microhardness tester. The fracture mechanism of the joint was systematically analyzed by observing the microstructure of the joint, measuring the tensile strength and microhardness distribution. The influence of welding process parameters on the tensile properties of welded joints was clarified. The results showed that under the parameters of welding current of 11.5 kA, welding time of 0.6 s and electrode pressure of 2.0 kN, the welded joint had the optimal tensile property. Welding time and welding current have a significant influence on the tensile property of the welded joints, while the influence of electrode pressure is relatively small. The fracture mechanism of the welded joints can be divided into pull-out fracture and interface fracture, both of which are brittle fracture. This is mainly because there is martensite in both the base metal and the welded joint. In terms of tensile property, the tensile shear capacity of the joints is better when pull-out fracture occurs. The order of average hardness in each area of the welded joints is the base metal zone (727.47HV0.2)、the nugget zone (687.69HV0.2)、the heat affected zone (632.23HV0.2). This is due to the different content of martensite structure in each area after welding, as well as the formation of tempered martensite and ferrite structures after welding, resulting in lower microhardness in the heat affected zone and nugget zone than in the base metal zone.

导出引用

陈嘉隆, 刘岩, 李博, 叶海青. PHS1800热成形钢电阻点焊接头的力学性能及断裂机制分析[J]. 精密成形工程. 2025, 17(6): 197-205 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.06.021

CHEN Jialong, LIU Yan, LI Bo, YE Haiqing. Mechanical Properties and Fracture Mechanism of PHS1800 Hot Formed Steel Resistance Spot Welding Joint[J]. Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering. 2025, 17(6): 197-205 https://doi.org/10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2025.06.021

中图分类号： TG453.9

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