温淳杰,姚屏,范谨锐,等.316L不锈钢和镍基合金梯度材料MIG焊电弧增材制造工艺研究[J].精密成形工程,2024,16(10):208-216. WEN Chunjie,YAO Ping,FAN Jinrui,et al.Arc Additive Manufacturing Process of 316L Stainless Steel and Ni-Based Alloy Gradient Materials by MIG Welding[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2024,16(10):208-216. |
316L不锈钢和镍基合金梯度材料MIG焊电弧增材制造工艺研究 |
Arc Additive Manufacturing Process of 316L Stainless Steel and Ni-Based Alloy Gradient Materials by MIG Welding |
投稿时间:2024-03-18 |
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2024.10.022 |
中文关键词: 增材制造 316L不锈钢 镍基合金 梯度材料 MIG焊 |
英文关键词: additive manufacturing 316L stainless steel Ni-based alloys gradient materials MIG welding |
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51805099);广东省教育厅项目(2020ZDZX2019);创新强校工程冲补强项目(2021SDKYA086) |
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中文摘要: |
目的 采用MIG焊电弧增材制造的工艺方法,实现316L不锈钢和625镍基合金2种材料的增材制造,以获得无缺陷、性能优异的功能梯度材料。方法 采用双脉冲电弧模式,利用316L和Inconel625 2种焊丝在钢板上分别以25%和5%梯度比例进行50层往复式堆积实验,对沉积样品进行形貌外观、沉积效率、微观组织、硬度和拉伸性能的研究,并采用多级指标的评价系统综合评价沉积样品的成形质量。结果 2个试样成功过渡堆积50层,表面成形良好,无未熔合、流淌、裂纹等缺陷。从宏观来看,样品横截面无气孔、热裂纹等缺陷。研究发现,5%梯度样品沉积效率高于25%梯度样品,硬度随着镍基合金比例的增大而增加,并通过电镜扫描方法发现25%梯度样品中75%(质量分数)316L+25%Inconel625区域出现裂纹,硬度和拉伸性能下降,降低了样品总体质量,而5%梯度比例的样品无此区域,总体质量良好。结论 电弧增材制造采用5%的过渡比例工艺获得的梯度材料具有较高的强度与韧性,优良的拉伸性能为工业生产中的应用提供了可靠的保障,在工业上具有很好的应用前景。 |
英文摘要: |
The work aims to achieve the additive manufacturing process of 316L stainless steel and 625 Ni-based alloys by MIG welding arc additive manufacturing method, in order to obtain functional gradient materials with excellent and defect-free properties. The 50-layer reciprocating stacking experiments were carried out on the steel plate with 316L and Inconel625 welding wires at 25% and 5% gradient ratios respectively in the double-pulse arc mode, and the deposited samples were investigated in terms of morphology, deposition efficiency, microstructure, hardness, and tensile properties, and the molding quality of the deposited samples was comprehensively evaluated by an evaluation system with multilevel indicators. The two samples were successfully transitioned and stacked with 50 layers, and the surfaces were well molded without defects such as non-fusion, flowing, and cracking. From a macroscopic view, there were no defects such as porosity and thermal cracks in the cross-section of the sample. It was found that the deposition efficiency of 5% samples was higher than that of the 25% samples, and the hardness increased with the increase of the proportion of Ni-based alloys. It was also found that the gradient region of 75% 316L+25% Inconel625 in 25% sample had cracks and the hardness and tensile properties decreased, which reduced the overall quality of the sample, while the sample with 5% gradient ratio had no such region with great overall quality through electron microscopy scanning method. The gradient materials obtained by the 5% transition ratio process in wire arc additive manufacturing have higher strength and toughness and excellent tensile properties, providing a reliable guarantee and a bright prospect for its application in industrial production. |
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