王浡婳,张立杰.铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头微观组织和力学性能分析[J].精密成形工程,2023,15(1):94-100.
WANG Bo-hua,ZHANG Li-jie.Micro-structure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Joints of Aluminum Alloy[J].Journal of Netshape Forming Engineering,2023,15(1):94-100. |
| 铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头微观组织和力学性能分析 |
| Micro-structure and Mechanical Properties of Friction Stir Welded Joints of Aluminum Alloy |
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| DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1674-6457.2023.01.012 |
| 中文关键词: 铝合金 搅拌摩擦焊 力学性能 微观组织 |
| 英文关键词: aluminum alloy friction stir welding mechanical properties micro-structure |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究7020铝合金搅拌摩擦焊(FSW)的结构和机械性能。方法 采用搅拌摩擦焊对铝板进行对接焊试验，具体形式为单面焊双面成型。采用拉伸机和显微维氏硬度仪对试样进行力学性能测试;利用蔡司金相、光谱仪、扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪研究母材和焊接接头的微观组织。结果 在硬度上，母材>热影响区>焊核区，热影响区平均硬度约为94HV，母材平均硬度为99HV，焊核区平均硬度最低为78HV，焊核区出现“S”缺陷，在一定程度上弱化了焊核区性能;7020铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的抗拉强度为235 MPa，屈服强度为158 MPa，屈强比为0.67，伸长率为7%，焊接系数可以达到73.8%;母材的抗拉强度为325 MPa，屈服强度为278 MPa，屈强比为0.86，伸长率为25%;焊接接头中心显微组织主要由胞状树枝晶体组成，显微结晶依次呈现为平面晶、胞状晶、树枝状晶、等轴晶;铝合金母材和焊接接头的金属相组成均为α−Al+Mg2Si;焊接接头断口呈现比较明显的韧性断裂特征。结论 铝合金搅拌摩擦焊可以获得性能比较优良的焊接接头，为其他铝合金材料的FSW焊接提供技术参考。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to study the structure and mechanical properties of 7020 aluminum alloy friction stir welding (FSW). The butt welding experiment of aluminum plate was carried out through FSW in the specific form of single-sided welding double-sided forming. The tensile machine and micro Vickers hardness tester were used to test the mechanical properties of the samples. The micro-structures of base metal and welded joint were studied with Zeiss metallography, spectrometer, scanning electron microscope and X-ray diffraction. The results showed that the hardness of base metal was the highest, and then the heat affected zone, and the nugget zone. The average hardness of the heat affected zone was about 94HV. The average hardness of the base metal was 99HV. The minimum average hardness of the nugget zone was 78HV. And there were "S" defects in the nugget zone, which weakened the performance of the nugget zone to some extent. The tensile strength, yield strength, yield ratio and elongation of 7020 aluminum alloy friction stir welded joint were 235 MPa, 158 MPa, 0.67 and 7%, respectively. Its welding coefficient could reach 73.8%. The tensile strength, yield strength, yield ratio and elongation of base metal were 325 MPa, 278 MPa, 0.86 and 25%, respectively. The micro-structure in the center of the welded joint was mainly composed of cellular dendrites, and the microcrystals were plane crystal, cellular crystal, dendritic crystal and equiaxed crystal in turn; the metal phase composition of aluminum alloy base metal and welded joint was α-Al+Mg2Si; the fracture surface of the welded joint presented obvious ductile fracture characteristics. Friction stir welding of aluminum alloy can obtain welded joint with good performance, which provides technical reference for FSW of other aluminum alloy materials. |
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